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A closer look: The Sudd Wetland (Part Two)

Following on from last week's blog post, we will continue our analysis on the regional case study of the Sudd Wetland. 

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Jonglei Canal: Renewed hope or destined failure?

With many observers of the media believing that Egypt has only two choices in regards to the filling and operating of the GERD: a military intervention with Ethiopia or an alternative water source, many eyes are turning to resort to the latter in a bid to avoid conflict (Al-monitor, 2021). The situation looks dire. In the Sudd Wetland, much of the water used here is often wasted due to extremely inefficient irrigation techniques and downright destructive mechanised agricultural practices (Sullivan, 2010). These mechanised agricultural practices have cascaded into causing deforestation, land erosion and salinization of waters. The country is blessed with water resources and yet has poor management of its resources. Water treatment for example is almost unheard of in the region and much of their water is being degraded. So what solutions are there?



Image of Lucy, a digger used to dig the Jonglei canal, has remained in its current location since 1983


Already many officials are suggesting that the Jonglei canal be reinstated to connect the waters of Bahr al-Jabal in South Sudan to the rest of the Nile. Already 70% of the excavation groundwork is already set and would provide over 3.2 billion cubic meters annually to the Nile water flow (Al-monitor, 2021). One major issue with this project is that there is simply not enough research done into the hydrology of the area. Scientists estimate that the canal could adversely affect the wetlands and lead to problems such as the collapse of fisheries, drying out of agricultural lands, and a drop in groundwater levels (Jing, 2006). 

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What needs to be done?

The relevant officials and government in charge of the Sudd Wetlands need to mobilise better data collection, regulations, and educate pastoralists on more efficient irrigation techniques. In simple terms, a more integrated water management system is needed. Sullivan (2010) argues that the research has been done, both internationally and from world-class Sudanese researchers and solutions are clear - it's the implementation of them that's the challenge. Poor governance combined with a lack of capacity to handle such issues poses a major roadblock. Although many of the decisions lie with the local Sudanese government, the international community can play a key role in shaping these policies and enforcing a stronger water management system. By implementing already existing water management successes from other parts of Africa, the Sudd Wetlands can benefit from these lessons and be better equipped in creating a more sustainable water management framework. 


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